An Evaluation of Oncology Nurses' Role in Early Detection of Childhood Cancers at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Borno State
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Background of the Study
Early detection of childhood cancers is crucial for improving survival rates and reducing treatment-related complications (Whitehead et al., 2023). Oncology nurses are at the forefront of recognizing early signs and symptoms of cancer, often serving as the first point of contact for parents and children with potential cancer symptoms. In low-resource settings like Borno State, where healthcare infrastructure may be strained, oncology nurses play an essential role in identifying potential cancer cases early and facilitating timely referral for diagnosis and treatment (Jansen & Chan, 2023). University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, one of the primary healthcare institutions in the region, provides pediatric oncology care and relies on the expertise of oncology nurses to aid in the early detection of childhood cancers.
Childhood cancers, such as leukemia, lymphomas, and solid tumors, often present with nonspecific symptoms such as unexplained fever, weight loss, and persistent pain (Smith et al., 2023). Therefore, oncology nurses' awareness of these early warning signs and their ability to initiate prompt investigations are essential in improving outcomes for children with cancer. This study evaluates the role of oncology nurses in the early detection of childhood cancers at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital.
Statement of the Problem
The early detection of childhood cancers can significantly improve prognosis and survival rates, yet many childhood cancers are diagnosed at advanced stages in Nigeria, including in Borno State. The role of oncology nurses in recognizing early warning signs and ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment is not well documented, particularly at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. This study aims to evaluate how oncology nurses contribute to the early detection of childhood cancers and the challenges they face in doing so.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the role of oncology nurses in the early detection of childhood cancers at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital.
2. To evaluate the knowledge and skills of oncology nurses in recognizing early warning signs of childhood cancers.
3. To identify the challenges faced by oncology nurses in detecting childhood cancers early.
Research Questions
1. What is the role of oncology nurses in the early detection of childhood cancers at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital?
2. How knowledgeable are oncology nurses about the early warning signs of childhood cancers?
3. What challenges do oncology nurses face in identifying childhood cancers at early stages?
Research Hypotheses
1. Oncology nurses' knowledge and skills in early detection significantly improve the diagnosis and treatment of childhood cancers.
2. Nurses who receive specialized training in pediatric oncology are more likely to detect early signs of childhood cancers.
3. There are significant barriers to early detection of childhood cancers at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, including lack of resources and training.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on oncology nurses working at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital in Borno State and their role in the early detection of childhood cancers. Limitations include potential challenges in obtaining comprehensive data and the reliance on subjective reporting from nurses regarding their practices.
Definitions of Terms
• Early Detection: The process of identifying cancer at an early stage before it has spread or progressed significantly, improving the chances of successful treatment.
• Oncology Nurses: Nurses who specialize in the care of cancer patients, including pediatric oncology.
• Childhood Cancers: Cancers that occur in children, including leukemia, lymphomas, brain tumors, and solid tumors.
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